Outer trapped surfaces are dense near MOTSs

We show that any vacuum initial data set containing a marginally outer trapped surface S and satisfying a ‘no KIDs’ condition can be perturbed near S so that S becomes strictly outer trapped in the new vacuum initial data set. This, together with the results in Eichmair et al (2012), gives a precise sense in which generic initial data containing marginally outer trapped surfaces lead to geodesically incomplete spacetimes.